Sunday 25 November 2012

Multilevel Car Parking System

Automatic multistoried car parking system helps to minimize the car parking area. In the modern world, where parking-space has become a very big problem and in the era of miniaturization, it is become a very crucial necessity to avoid the wastage of space in modern, big companies and apartments etc.



A display is provided at the ground floor which is basically a counter that displays number of cars in each floor. It informs whether the floors are fully filled with the cars or is it having place in a particular floor or not. There is facility of lift to carry the car to up and down. Movement of Lift is controlled by stepper motor. An indicator with a green and red LED is kept in all the floors to indicate whether the lift is busy or is it ready to take the car up or down. If the red LED glows that means the lift is already engaged and the person has to wait for the green LED to glow. In this project we have provided three floors of a building for car parking. Maximum storage capacity of each floor is given as ten. Storage capacity can be changed according to the requirement.
Any one can enter to first or second floor. The third floor in this model is for VIP’s only. Therefore when VIP’s are to be entering they are expected to enter their password and they will be taken to the third reserved floor. The password will be of 4 digits. The processor checks for the password entered and if it is found to be wrong, a siren is heard. So when a password is entered, the processor checks for it and it is compared with right password. It indicates whether it is the correct one or not.
When the car enters the lift, the LDR detects its presence and sends a signal to glow RED LED indicating that the lift is busy. It also sends a signal to motor which makes the motor to rotate. After RED LED glows the lift will take the person and the car up to the floor where the space for parking is available. (For VIP it will be the third floor). When the lift reaches the first floor, the processor compares  the filled amount to that of the already fed capacity of that floor, and if it finds that the first floor is fully filled , it goes to the second floor and thus the procedure stops here. As soon as a car is placed in a particular floor, the display counter at the ground floor increments as to indicate the floor capacity has decreased by one. After the lift places the car in a particular floor, it comes back to its normal position and that time, the motor that drives it , also stops. Now processor sends signal to glow GREEN LED indicating that lift is free.
When a person needs to come down from a particular floor to ground floor, he is expected to focus the headlight onto the LDR placed in that floor. Now sensor section sends signal to motor that the lift has to be send back to that particular floor and sends a signal to glow RED LED indicating that the lift is busy. As soon as the lift reaches that particular floor car should come inside the lift, the display counter at the ground floor decrements by one as to indicate the floor capacity has increased by one. Lift comes back to its normal position and that time, the motor that drives it, also stops. Now processor sends signal to glow GREEN LED indicating that lift is free.
If there no parking taking place, the processor carries out the job according to the following priority:-
1.     It checks whether any password is entered.
2.     It checks whether any car is entered to lift.
3.     It checks whether any car headlight is pressed in front of  LDR placed in each floor.
It is like a round robin system.



Saturday 24 November 2012

Wireless Station Intimation System


Our project demonstrate one such example were Radio Wave is employed in a way which is helpful to us.This project is designed and developed for helping the passengers traveling in train and bus especially during night. The people who are not aware of the station on which one should get down will find this very helpful.Here the station name is displayed and announced simultaneously when the station is about to reach which can assist both literate and illiterate.
The RF technology is used in the project to communicate between the transmitter and receiver. Each transmitter has a unique binary code which is transmitted continuously to space in a particular range. This signal is captured by the receiver when it reaches in its range. So in the case of a train, the transmitter placed in the station is detected by the receiver in the train and the binary code is
processed to give out the station name display and audio corresponding to the binary code in the receiver. A LCD unit is used for displaying the station name and a speaker is used for the announcement.

Main parts of this project are :


1. Power Supply
The power supply section is the section which provide +5V for the transmitter section to work. IC LM7805 is used for providing a constant power of +5V.

2. Encoder
This section contains the identity of the transmitter. An encoder can be a device used to change a signal (such as a bit stream) or data into a code. The code serves any of a number of purposes such as compressing
information for transmission or storage, encrypting or adding redundancies to the input code etc.

3. RF Transmitter
This section transmits the binary data to space in a particular range based on the antenna used. This signal is received by the receiver and it compares the binary code to find the corresponding station name from
the database.

1.1.2. Receiver

1. Power Supply
The power supply section is the section which provide +5V for the transmitter section to work. IC LM7805 is used for providing a constant power of +5V.

2. Decoder
A decoder is a device which does the reverse of the encoder, undoing the encoding so that the original information can be retrieved.

3. Microcontroller
Unlike microprocessors, microcontrollers are generally optimized for specific applications. As a result the peripherals can be simplified and reduced which cuts down the production cost.

4. RF Receiver
The RF signal transmitted by the transmitter is detected and received by this section of the receiver. This binary encoder data is sent to the decoder for decoding the original data.

5. LCD
This is the output unit in the receiver section. The station name is displayed on this display unit when the receiver comes in the range of the transmitter.

6. Voice Alert
This is another output unit in the receiver. This gives the voice alert of the station reached based on the RF transmitter signal received.Voice recording ic APR9600 is used here.